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Tea Smallholders in Indonesia

Report
Tea Smallholders in Indonesia

 

Indonesian tea producers normally fall into one of three categories, namely large state-owned plantations, large private plantations and smallholders. The first two categories are mainly export-oriented, while the smallholding sector mainly supply the domestic tea industry. In general terms, the tea smallholding sector holds the largest share in terms of production area, but at the same time it is lagging behind the two other producer categories in terms of productivity and quality. Recent development shows that the low productivity and poor quality of tea from smallholders could very well relate to the short supply to domestic tea industry, which has been growingly relying on import instead. Tea import increased from only 50 tons in 1996 to 8500 tons in 2008, according to estimate by Indonesia Tea Board.

The above fact is a consequence that the long-neglected tea smallholding sector suffers from. In general, it development has been hampered by problems in infrastructure (transport and distribution), insufficient economic scale, lack of working capital, as well as poor promotional support and market access. Questions arise as to future sustainability of the tea smallholding sector.

This tudy tries to portray the current state of the tea smallholding sector, looking into major issues it faces and seeking solutions to the problems in the context of supply chain. Research results are presented here to incite further discussion. Data and interpretation are open for correction and suggestions are welcomed.